Articles: Recent submissions
Now showing items 801-820 of 889
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Modeling Effectiveness of Gradual Increases in Source Level to Mitigate Effects of Sonar on Marine Mammals
(2014)Ramp-up or soft-start procedures (i.e., gradual increase in the source level) are used to mitigate the effect of sonar sound on marine mammals, although no one to date has tested whether ramp-up procedures are effective ... -
A survey of the polar cap density based on Cluster EFW probe measurements: Solar wind and solar irradiation dependence
(2012)The plasma density above the Earth's polar caps provide crucial information about the state of the magnetosphere. This region of space is known for its tenuous plasma and extremely low plasma densities, thus making traditional ... -
Obtaining spectral information from infrared scenarios using hyper-spectral cameras and cameras with spinning filter wheel
(2014)In the past decades the Norwegian Defence Research Establishment (FFI) has recorded and characterized infrared scenarios for several application purposes, such as infrared target and background modeling and simulation, ... -
Interstate Relations in the Arctic: An Emerging Security Dilemma?
(2014)The five states that surround the Arctic Ocean— Russia, Canada, the United States, Denmark, and Norway—have in recent years taken various measures to protect their economic and security interests in the north. The measures ... -
Fracture networks in sea ice
(2014)Fracturing and refreezing of sea ice in the Kara sea are investigated using complex network analysis. By going to the dual network, where the fractures are nodes and their intersections links, we gain access to topological ... -
Seismic exploration noise reduction in the marginal ice zone
(2014)A sonobuoy field was deployed in the Marginal Ice Zone of the Fram Strait in June 2011 to study the spatial variability of ambient noise. High noise levels observed at 10–200 Hz are attributed to distant (1400 km range) ... -
Using the Power Balance Model to Simulate Cross-Country Skiing on Varying Terrain
(2014)The current study adapts the power balance model to simulate cross-country skiing on varying terrain. We assumed that the skier’s locomotive power at a self-chosen pace is a function of speed, which is impacted by friction, ... -
Dose-response relationships for the onset of avoidance of sonar by free-ranging killer whales
(2014)Eight experimentally controlled exposures to 1−2 kHz or 6−7 kHz sonar signals were conducted with four killer whale groups. The source level and proximity of the source were increased during each exposure in order to reveal ... -
L-alanine-induced germination in Bacillus licheniformis -the impact of native gerA sequences
(2014)Background L-alanine, acting through the GerA receptor, was recently found to be an efficient germinant in Bacillus licheniformis ATCC14580/DSM13. Results In this study, we show that several of 46 examined B. ... -
Microvesicle Shedding and Lysosomal Repair Fulfill Divergent Cellular Needs during the Repair of Streptolysin O-Induced Plasmalemmal Damage
(2014)Pathogenic bacteria secrete pore-forming toxins that permeabilize the plasma membrane of host cells. Nucleated cells possess protective mechanisms that repair toxin-damaged plasmalemma. Currently two putative repair scenarios ... -
Selected Issues of QoS Provision in Heterogenous Military Networks
(2014)Tactical ad-hoc networks are evolving today towards complex heterogeneous networks in terms of architecture, protocols and security. Due to the difference in network resources and reliability, end-to-end quality of service ... -
A Framework for Authentication in NBD Tactical ad hoc networks
(2011)Network-based defense (NBD) and the all-IP network make authentication ever more important. However, a generally accepted and comprehensive authentication suite is lacking. This work is a step toward filling the gap. The ... -
Multi-channel and multi-polarisation ship detection
(2012)Norway's large ocean areas in the North require efficient methods to detect vessels in the High North. Radar satellites in orbit today offer dual- or quad-polarised data, which ease the task of detecting vessels in a SAR ... -
ELEMENTAL ABUNDANCES IN THE FAST SOLAR WIND EMANATING FROM CHROMOSPHERIC FUNNELS
(2010)We carry out a model study to determine whether a funnel-type flow geometry in the solar wind source region leads to sufficiently fast hydrogen flow to offset heavy element gravitational settling and can thus explain why ... -
Temperature dependent lattice constant of Al0.90Ga0.10AsySb1-y
(2010)Using x-ray diffraction, the in-plane and out-of-plane lattice constants of Al0.90Ga0.10AsySb1−y epilayers grown on GaSb and GaAs substrates were determined between 30 and 398 °C for y = 0.003–0.059. The bulk lattice ... -
The Rise of Muslim Foreign Fighters Islam and the Globalization of Jihad
(2010)Why has transnational war volunteering increased so dramatically in the Muslim world since 1980? Standard explanations, which emphasize U.S.-Saudi support for the 1980s Afghan mujahideen, the growth of Islamism, or the ... -
The Hotel Payload 2 campaign: Overview of NO, O and electron density measurements in the upper mesosphere and lower thermosphere
(2011)The ALOMAR eARI Hotel Payload 2 (HotPay 2) rocket campaign took place at Andøya Rocket Range, Norway, in January 2008. The rocket was launched on January 31, 2008 at 19:14 UT, when auroral activity appeared after a long ... -
Neurotoxic effects of perfluoroalkylated compounds: mechanisms of action and environmental relevance
(2012)Perfluoroalkylated compounds (PFCs) are used in fire-fighting foams, treatment of clothes, carpets and leather products, and as lubricants, pesticides, in paints and medicine. Recent developments in chemical analysis have ... -
Heat stress in chemical protective clothing: porosity and vapour resistance
(2011)Heat strain in chemical protective clothing is an important factor in industrial and military practice. Various improvements to the clothing to alleviate strain while maintaining protection have been attempted. More recently, ... -
Wireless power transfer in the presence of metallic plates: Experimental results
(2013)We demonstrate efficient wireless power transfer between two high Q resonators, especially in a complex electromagnetic environment. In the close proximity of metallic plates, the transfer efficiency stays roughly the same ...